Finding and Querying a Literary Agent
First, a quick when/why for literary agents: If you want to pursue traditional publishing for your book, it’s a good idea to secure a literary agent first. For one thing, many publishers (particularly the bigger, more famous publishing houses) do not accept manuscripts that aren’t represented by an agent (aka unsolicited manuscripts.) Some of the smaller and independent publishers do, but it can be easy to fall victim to predatory publishers without an agent who is knowledgeable about reputable publishers.
Furthermore, an agent can help you through the publishing process and ensure that your best interests are being represented in your contract with your publisher. The great thing about literary agents is they don’t cost you anything out of pocket. You only pay them if you get a book deal, and that payment comes out what the publisher pays to acquire your manuscript. So, if you want to pursue traditional publishing, agents are a win-win.
Finding literary agents to query: Before you can land a literary agent, you have to find literary agents to query. The first step in that is making sure you understand where your book fits into the publishing industry. In other words, you need a pretty good idea of your books genre, age category (if applicable), and what makes your book stand out from similar books. This will help you identify agents who are interested in representing books like yours.
Once you know where your book fits, you can start making a list of agents to query. Use sites like Query Tracker and Publisher’s marketplace to find and research potential agents. The Writer’s Digest web site also has a blog dedicated to talking about literary agents. You can also look in the acknowledgements of books that are similar to yours to see who represented that book, and research them to see if they’re still a good fit. If there’s an author who has written books similar to yours, you can also check their web site to see who represents them.
Querying potential agents: Once you have your list of agents to query, you need to look at each agent specifically to find out their submissions guidelines. There are lots of good resources online that will help you write a query letter. You will need to personalize each query letter/packet for each individual agent you’re submitting to. It’s important that you follow each individual agent’s submission guidelines to a tee to increase the likelihood of your submission making it onto their desk and catching their eye.
Many writers who pursue traditional publishing choose to query in batches, meaning that they send out a certain number of queries (most writers do batches of between 10 and 20 submissions) and wait. Potential responses:
– no response (which after eight weeks is usually a “no thank you”)
– rejection letter (with or without light feedback)
– request to revise and resubmit
– partial manuscript request
– full manuscript request
– offer of representation
If you are asked to revise and resubmit or to send your partial/full manuscript, you’re essentially back to waiting on that one and could get additional interest, an offer of representation, or a rejection. If you don’t receive an offer of representation in that batch, you go ahead and set up a new batch to send out and start the process over again.
Life in the query trenches: The reality of life “in the query trenches” is that you will receive a lot of rejections. That doesn’t mean you’re a bad writer or that your manuscript is bad. All writers who pursue traditional publishing get rejection letters. Some of the most famous, highest acclaimed novels in history were rejected by countless publishers. Querying is as much a balance of timing, luck, and following submission directions as it is about the viability of your manuscript. And, unfortunately, traditional publishing is a money-making game first and foremost. No matter how amazing your book may be, if a publishing house doesn’t think your book has wide enough appeal to make back the cost of publishing and distributing it, they’re not going to take the risk.
If your book doesn’t have enough mass market appeal to catch the interest of a big or mid-sized publisher, you might look more closely at small, independent publishers. Just make sure to thoroughly research your choices to avoid predatory presses. If a publisher asks for money out of pocket, they’re not a traditional publisher but rather a hybrid publisher or subsidy press, which is not the same thing. And, you can of course always look into self-publishing, as this can be a great avenue for books with more niche appeal.
I hope that answers your questions!
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
I’ve been writing seriously for over 30 years and love to share what I’ve learned. Have a writing question? My inbox is always open!